UNDER SHELL-FIRE The Hartlepools, Scarborough And Whitby Under Shell-Fire - Frederick Miller

On Wednesday 16 December 1914, the inhabitants of Scarborough in North Yorkshire awoke to find a heavy mist hanging over their seaside town - and three German warships sailing rapidly towards them.

The devastating attack that followed on Scarborough, together with Hartlepool and Whitby, was the first time civilians had been targeted on English soil during the First World War. It so shocked the nation that 'Remember Scarborough' became a rallying cry for a huge recruitment campaign.