A MODERN HISTORY OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR, VOLUME THREE - Singh Harbans

This third volume in Harbans Singh's important and insightful trilogy on modern

Jammu and Kashmir examines the period from 1975, when Sheikh Abdullah

returned to active politics, after the Indira-Sheikh Accord, to head a Congresssupported

government, to the present day. The book discusses the emergence of

the separatist movement, the mass exodus of Kashmiri Pandits in 1990, and the

drastic decision of the BJP Central government to abrogate Article 370 of the

Indian Constitution-which granted special status to the state-and bifurcate the

state into two Union Territories-Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh.

Since the time of its creation, Jammu and Kashmir has always been fraught with

conflict. But nothing can compare to the decades of aggressive militancy that the

state has seen since the 1980s, with Pakistan playing a central role in the violence

and chaos. Separatist groups like the All Parties Hurriyat Conference, among

others, and terrorist organizations such as the Lashkar-e-Taiba, which is backed by

Pakistan, have pursued a campaign of 'freeing' Jammu and Kashmir from what they

describe as 'Indian rule'. India's security forces have maintained a heavy presence in

the state to counter these plans. These turbulent years-when thousands have died

and there have been protests across the state-have thrown Jammu and Kashmir

into a limbo. As political parties-the National Conference and the Congress, and

then the People's Democratic Party and the BJP-tried to wrest control of the

state from each other, it is the people who have suffered the terrible consequences

of the power struggle.

As he concludes his monumental 3-volume study of Jammu and Kashmir-from the

time it was created as a political entity by the Dogras in the 19th century to its current

status-the author also looks to the future, warning of the possible consequences of the

Supreme Court's verdict upholding the abrogation of Article 370.