Muhammad and the Origins of Islam - Peters F. E.

Preface


Acknowledgments


1. The Founding Fathers

Abraham and Ishmael in the Hijaz
Father Qusayy and the Quraysh
The Sons of Qusayy

Arabian Clients and Tributaries
The Tribes of the South
The Abyssinians Invade

Hashim the Trader
Northern Neighbors
The Shahs and Arabia
The Commerce of Mecca

A Celebrated Grandfather
Abraha
"The Men Who Have the Elephant"
The Security of the Quraysh
Buying and Selling in the Sacred Months
A Religious Sodality: The Hums
The Persian Occupation of the Kingdom of Himyar
The Birth of Muhammad ibn Abdullah

The Gods and Worship at Mecca
The Pilgrimage Before Islam
The Worship of the One True God
Personal Devotions
Muhammad and Meccan Paganism

Coming of Age in Mecca
The Prophetic Summons
A Heavenly Journey
The Earliest Sura?
Muhammad's Public Preaching
The Warning
God on High
The Call to Prayer

The Opposition of the Quraysh
The Deaths of Khadija and Abu Talib
An Invitation from a Distant Oasis
A Turn to Armed Resistance
The Hijra (622 A.D.)

Yathrib
Jews and Arabs
Muhammad Settles In
The Medina Agreement
Innovations

Violence in the Sacred Month
The Battle at the Badr Wells
From Badr to the Battle of the Trench
The Banu Qurayza
A New Tactic
The Northern Oases
The `Umra Fulfilled
A Daring Raid into Syria

The Fall of Mecca
The Smashing of the Idols
Hunayn, Ta'if, and the `Umra
The Malingerers
The Establishment of an Islamic Umma, with Dues
The Hajj of Year 9: The Break with the Pagans
The Idolators Submit

An Islamic Pilgrimage
The Ban on the Pagans
The Calendar Reformed